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The Dysplastic Hip Joint: Its Radiographic and Histologic Development 1
Author(s) -
Riser Wayne H.
Publication year - 1973
Publication title -
veterinary radiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.541
H-Index - 60
eISSN - 1740-8261
pISSN - 0196-3627
DOI - 10.1111/j.1740-8261.1973.tb00655.x
Subject(s) - library science , citation , medicine , computer science
Canine hip dysplasia continues to be a complex and important problem to both the dog fancy and the veterinary profession. Theories regarding cause, heritability, treatment and control vary widely. The pathogenesis of hip dysplasia is the subject of this study. Hip dysplasia is not well understood. To make this report meaningful, however, a number of observations that seem valid have been accepted. “The balance of the present evidence shows that a genetic predisposition to congenital dislocation of the hip is real, and that multiple genes are involved. Environmental factors also are important, presumably according to the genetic susceptibility of the individual’’ (15). Few genes so far analyzed affect the osseous skeleton primarily. The changes in bone merely reflect changes that occur in the cartilage, supporting connective tissue and muscles (2). Hip dysplasia is an example of a biomechanical disease representing a disparity between primary muscle mass and disproportionately rapid skeletal growth. Hip dysplasia begins with a normal hip at birth (6, 12, 17). The lag or failure of the muscle to develop and reach functional maturity at the same rate as the skeleton results in joint instability ( 3 ) . Abnormal development is induced when the acetabulum and femoral head pull apart and trigger a series of events that end in hip dysplasia and degenerative joint disease (16). The evidence is strong that the bony changes of hip dysplasia occur because the soft tissues do not have sufficient strength to maintain congruity between the articular surfaces of the femoral head and the acetabulum ( 3 ) . This study follows the preceding line of reasoning and is a description of the radiographic and anatomicopathological changes that bring about hip dysplasia. In essence the pathogenic sequence of this disease as it occurs spontaneously and recorded in this paper is an experiment done by nature and the description of the development of the normal hip serves as the control (11).