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Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of lactic acid bacteria isolated from Italian ryegrass silage
Author(s) -
TOHNO Masanori,
KOBAYASHI Hisami,
NOMURA Masaru,
KITAHARA Maki,
OHKUMA Moriya,
UEGAKI Ryuichi,
CAI Yimin
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
animal science journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.606
H-Index - 38
eISSN - 1740-0929
pISSN - 1344-3941
DOI - 10.1111/j.1740-0929.2011.00923.x
Subject(s) - biology , silage , lactobacillus brevis , lactobacillus plantarum , microbial inoculant , leuconostoc , lactococcus , subspecies , leuconostoc mesenteroides , lactobacillus , lactobacillus sakei , bacteria , lactic acid , lactococcus lactis , microbiology and biotechnology , food science , genetics , zoology
Twenty‐three lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from three cultivars (Akiaoba, Nagahahikari and Tachiwase) of Italian ryegrass ( Lolium multiflorum Lam.) silage were precisely characterized by a combination of phenotypic tests, genotypic 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing and rapid PCR‐based analyses, focusing on their useful phenotypes for silage preparation as inoculants. We successfully identified both at the species and subspecies levels: phenotypically novel Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis , Lactobacillus brevis , Lactobacillus coryniformis subsp. torquens , Lactobacillus curvatus , Lactobacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum , Lactobacillus sakei subsp. carnosus , Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. dextranicum and Pediococcus parvulus. This is the first report to elucidate the presence of Lactobacillus coryniformis ssp. torquens and Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. dextranicum in Italian ryegrass silages. Physiological and biochemical tests revealed that phenotypic characteristics are different among the different strains of the same species and subspecies, and that the isolates show unique and diverse phenotypes related to fermentation factors, such as available carbohydrates, optimal growth pH and temperature. These results suggest that, for various well‐preserved silage preparations, the isolates may be useful in producing novel inoculants corresponding to their optimally climatic and ecological niches.