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Monitoring for retinopathy in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes
Author(s) -
Danne T,
Kordonouri O,
Enders I,
Hövener G
Publication year - 1998
Publication title -
acta pædiatrica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.772
H-Index - 115
eISSN - 1651-2227
pISSN - 0803-5253
DOI - 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1998.tb01250.x
Subject(s) - medicine , retinopathy , diabetes mellitus , mydriasis , diabetic retinopathy , type 1 diabetes , pediatrics , blood pressure , type 2 diabetes , ophthalmology , endocrinology
In children with an average diabetes onset at 11 y of age, the first retinal changes can be expected after a median diabetes duration of 9y, while the median time until clinically relevant background retinopathy is 14 y. Periodic examinations of the retinal status become necessary with the onset of puberty or after 5y of diabetes duration. Only sensitive methods should be used for retinopathy screening; the minimum recommended standard is a stereoscopic slit‐lamp biomicroscopic examination in mydriasis. The degree of glycaemic control, both before and after puberty, appears to be of outstanding importance for the development of retinopathy, but the contribution of other factors (arterial blood pressure, lipid abnormalities, sex steroids, smoking and genetic factors) may be of varying relevance in the individual patient. Thus, to improve the long‐term prognosis for children with diabetes appropriate screening for retinopathy and associated risk factors is mandatory.