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Effect of environmental and clinical factors on lung function and respiratory symptoms in adolescents with α 1 ‐antitrypsin deficiency
Author(s) -
Piitulainen E,
Sveger T
Publication year - 1998
Publication title -
acta pædiatrica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.772
H-Index - 115
eISSN - 1651-2227
pISSN - 0803-5253
DOI - 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1998.tb00918.x
Subject(s) - medicine , lung function , respiratory system , lung , alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency , respiratory disease , pulmonary function testing , intensive care medicine , pediatrics
Individuals identified in the Swedish neonatal α 1 ‐antitrypsin (AAT) screening study were followed prospectively from their first to their eighteenth year of life. The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of environmental factors, i.e. active and passive smoking, and of clinical factors on lung function and the occurrence of respiratory symptoms in AAT‐deficient adolescents. The study group consisted of 88 protease inhibitor (Pi)ZZ and 40 PiSZ adolescents. Medical history including respiratory symptoms, and active and passive smoking were recorded at each follow‐up up to the age of 18 y. Lung function tests were performed at the present check‐up. At the age of 18 y, both forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV 1 ) and FEV 1 /vital capacity (VC) were significantly lower in the smoking than in the non‐smoking subgroup, and significantly more smokers than non‐smokers reported the presence of phlegm. The mean FEV 1 /VC ratio was lower for those presently exposed to parental smoking. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that clinical liver disease in early life, active smoking and parental smoking were independent determinants of FEV 1 /VC. The results suggest that marginal deviations in lung function and the symptom of phlegm among AAT‐deficient adolescents occur characteristically early in the subgroup of smokers. Parental smoking may contribute to decreased lung function