Open AccessCharacterization of the A and C Genomes of Brassica Campestris and B. Alboglabra
Author(s) -
Heneen W.K.,
Chen B.Y.,
Cheng B.F.,
Jonsson A.,
Simonsen V.,
Jørgensen R.B.,
Davik J.
Publication year - 1995
Publication title -
hereditas
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.819
H-Index - 50
eISSN - 1601-5223
pISSN - 0018-0661
DOI - 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1995.00251.x
Subject(s) - biology , genome , rapd , restriction fragment length polymorphism , genetics , ploidy , introgression , hybrid , gene , meiosis , pollen , botany , genetic diversity , polymerase chain reaction , population , demography , sociology
Meiosis was studied in pollen mother cells of two Brassica campestris (AA) and one B. alboglabra (CC) accessions, their resynthesized B. napus amphidiploids (AACC), and digenomic hybrids produced (AAC). The two parental species exhibited different chromatin condensation patterns at diakinesis, which enabled the differentiation between genomes and the detection of auto‐ and allosyndesis in the amphidiploids and digenomic hybrids. Corresponding chromatin condensation differences were manifested at mitotic prometaphase. The diploid accessions were characterized as to glucosinolate composition, restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), and isozyme patterns. All 20 RFLP probes and 9 RAPD primers tested gave discriminatory bands for the A and C genomes. For isozymes, 14 out of 17 analysed loci had alleles that discriminated between these genomes. In addition to the already established locations of flower colour, erucic acid content, and leucine aminopeptidase enzyme genes in the C genome, other genome‐specific isozyme and DNA‐based markers amounted to 89 and 112 in the two B. campestris accessions and 135 in the B. alboglabra accession. Sinigrin synthesis is an additional character controlled by the C genome, The combination of different marker systems and cytological techniques for the characterization of the A and C genomes and their constituent chromosomes has obvious implications for plant breeding, assessment of gene introgression in nature, and evolutionary studies.