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Effects of fluorides on apoptosis and activation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells
Author(s) -
Szczepański M,
Kamianowska M,
Kamianowski G
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
oral diseases
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.953
H-Index - 87
eISSN - 1601-0825
pISSN - 1354-523X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2011.01873.x
Subject(s) - umbilical vein , annexin , oxidative stress , chemistry , apoptosis , fluoride , stimulation , icam 1 , antioxidant , human umbilical vein endothelial cell , in vitro , microbiology and biotechnology , biochemistry , endocrinology , intracellular , biology , inorganic chemistry
Oral Diseases (2012) 18 , 280–284 Objective: To determine the effects of fluorides on endothelial functioning. Materials and methods: We analyzed expressions of adhesion molecules, ICAM‐1 and ICAM‐3, and annexin V, on the surface of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) exposed to various concentrations of NaF and SnF 2 . We compared the effects of fluoride‐induced changes with those obtained when stimulating HUVECs with TNF‐α and verified whether N ‐acetyl cysteine (NAC), well‐known antioxidant, can prevent both fluoride‐ and TNF‐α‐induced alterations. Results: The expressions of annexin V and ICAM‐1 increased significantly after adding NaF (5.0 or 7.5 mM) or Sn 2 F (0.5 or 0.75 mM) to the culture medium. Pre‐incubating HUVECs with NAC prevented the effects induced by 5.0 mM of NaF and 0.5 mM of Sn 2 F. Only the highest concentration of NaF (7.5 mM) triggered the expression of ICAM‐3. The expressions of all three molecules increased significantly upon stimulating the cultures with TNF‐α (20 ng ml −1 ); these changes were not reversed by pre‐incubation with NAC. Conclusions: Fluorides induce oxidative stress, resulting in apoptosis and activation of HUVECs, manifested by an elevated expression of ICAM‐1. The oxidative stress resulting from a stimulation by the highest NaF concentration triggers ICAM‐3 expression on the HUVECs’ surface.