Premium
Loss of PKCδ results in characteristics of Sjögren’s syndrome including salivary gland dysfunction
Author(s) -
Banninger GP,
Cha S,
Said MS,
Pauley KM,
Carter CJ,
Onate M,
Pauley BA,
Anderson SM,
Reyland ME
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
oral diseases
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.953
H-Index - 87
eISSN - 1601-0825
pISSN - 1354-523X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2011.01819.x
Subject(s) - salivary gland , exocrine gland , submandibular gland , cytokine , endocrinology , protein kinase c , autoantibody , immunohistochemistry , medicine , pathogenesis , saliva , acinar cell , biology , infiltration (hvac) , pathology , immunology , antibody , kinase , secretion , pancreas , microbiology and biotechnology , physics , thermodynamics
Oral Diseases (2011) 17 , 601–609 Objectives: Chronic infiltration of lymphocytes into the salivary and lacrimal glands of patients with Sjögren’s Syndrome (SS) leads to destruction of acinar cells and loss of exocrine function. Protein kinase C‐delta (PKCδ) is known to play a critical role in B‐cell maintenance. Mice in which the PKCδ gene has been disrupted have a loss of B‐cell tolerance, multiple organ lymphocytic infiltration, and altered apoptosis. To determine whether PKCδ contributes to the pathogenesis of SS, we quantified changes in indicators of SS in PKCδ−/− mice as a function of age. Salivary gland histology, function, the presence of autoantibodies, and cytokine expression were examined. Materials and methods: Submandibular glands were examined for the presence of lymphocytic infiltrates, and the type of infiltrating lymphocyte and cytokine deposition was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Serum samples were tested by autoantibody screening, which was graded by its staining pattern and intensity. Salivary gland function was determined by saliva collection at various ages. Results: PKCδ−/− mice have reduced salivary gland function, B220+ B‐cell infiltration, anti‐nuclear antibody production, and elevated IFN‐γ in the salivary glands as compared to PKCδ+//+ littermates. Conclusions: PKCδ−/− mice have exocrine gland tissue damage indicative of a SS–like phenotype.