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Occurrence of oral lesions in relation to clinical and immunological status among HIV‐infected adult Tanzanians
Author(s) -
Matee MI,
Scheutz F.,
Moshy J.
Publication year - 2000
Publication title -
oral diseases
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.953
H-Index - 87
eISSN - 1601-0825
pISSN - 1354-523X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2000.tb00110.x
Subject(s) - medicine , serostatus , lesion , odds ratio , gastroenterology , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , immunology , pathology , viral load
OBJECTIVE: To determine the association, if any, between the presence of oral lesions and clinical and immunological status of untreated HIV‐infected adults in Tanzania. DESIGN: A cross‐sectional study. SETTING: AIDS Clinical Trial Clinic (ATCC) at Muhimbili Medical Centre in Dar‐es‐Salaam, Tanzania. SUBJECTS: 192 HIV‐infected individuals not receiving treatment; 156 individuals confirmed to be HIV‐sero‐negative acted as a control group. METHODS: Examination of oral structures, determination of HIV serostatus, clinical status, and peripheral CD4 + T cell and total lymphocyte counts. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Presence of oral lesionS. RESULTS: Intra‐oral lesions were seen among 7.7% of the HIV‐seronegative, 10.4% of the HIV‐seropositive and 36.8% of the AIDS groups, respectively. Enlarged parotid glands were seen in 20% of the AIDS patients, 11.9% of the HIV‐seropositives, and 5.1% of the HIV seronegativeS. Enlargement of submandibular salivary glands was seen in 29.6% of the AIDS patients, 31.3% of the HIV‐seropositives compared with 14.7% among the HIV‐seronegativeS. Multiple regression analysis was used to calculate adjusted odds ratio (OR) for presence of oral lesionS. OR for an intra‐oral lesion was 1.6 (95% CI = 0.5; 5.0) among the HIV‐seropositives and 8.2 (95% CI = 3.5; 19.7) among the AIDS patients using the HIV‐seronegatives as reference. OR for an intra‐oral lesion was 0.9 (95% CI = 0.3; 2.9) in HIV‐infected patients with peripheral CD4 + T cell count of between 200–500 cells mm ‐3 and 2.7 (95% CI = 0.9; 7.7) in patients with less than 200 cells mm ‐3 .OR for an intra‐oral lesion was 0.4 (95% CI = 0.2; 0.9) for patients with peripheral total lymphocyte counts of between 1000–2000 cells mm ‐3 and 0.9 (95 CI = 0.4; 2.0) for patients with less than 1000 cells mm ‐3 . CONCLUSION: The association of oral lesions with the clinical stage of HIV infection and to a lesser extent peripheral CD4 + T cell count does suggest that these lesions could be used as additional markers of immunosuppression and AIDS.