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Tertiary Lymphoid Tissues Generate Effector and Memory T Cells That Lead to Allograft Rejection
Author(s) -
Nasr I. W.,
Reel M.,
Oberbarnscheidt M. H.,
Mounzer R. H.,
Baddoura F. K.,
Ruddle N. H.,
Lakkis F. G.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
american journal of transplantation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.89
H-Index - 188
eISSN - 1600-6143
pISSN - 1600-6135
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2007.01756.x
Subject(s) - lymphatic system , effector , immunology , immune system , medicine , lymph , lymph node , pathology , lymphotoxin , inflammation , transplantation , t cell , biology
Tertiary lymphoid tissues are lymph node‐like cell aggregates that arise at sites of chronic inflammation. They have been observed in transplanted organs undergoing chronic rejection, but it is not known whether they contribute to the rejection process by supporting local activation of naïve lymphocytes. To answer this question, we established a murine transplantation model in which the donor skin contains tertiary lymphoid tissues due to transgenic expression of lymphotoxin‐α( RIP‐LT α), whereas the recipient lacks all secondary lymphoid organs and does not mount primary alloimmune responses. We demonstrate in this model that RIP‐LT α allografts that harbor tertiary lymphoid tissues are rejected, while wild‐type allografts that lack tertiary lymphoid tissues are accepted. Wild‐type allografts transplanted at the same time as RIP‐LT α skin or 60 days later were also rejected, suggesting that tertiary lymphoid tissues, similar to secondary lymphoid organs, generate both effector and memory immune responses. Consistent with this observation, naive T cells transferred to RIP‐LT α skin allograft but not syngeneic graft recipients proliferated and differentiated into effector and memory T cells. These findings provide direct evidence that tertiary lymphoid structures perpetuate the rejection process by supporting naïve T‐cell activation.