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Cytokine Expression by Models of Human Trophoblast as Assessed by a Semiquantitative Reverse Transcription‐Polymerase Chain Reaction Technique
Author(s) -
Bennett William A.,
LagooDeenadayalan Sandhya,
Brackin Martha N.,
Hale Enatra,
Cowan Bryan D.
Publication year - 1996
Publication title -
american journal of reproductive immunology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.071
H-Index - 97
eISSN - 1600-0897
pISSN - 1046-7408
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-0897.1996.tb00178.x
Subject(s) - trophoblast , choriocarcinoma , cytokine , biology , tumor necrosis factor alpha , reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction , andrology , granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor , fetal membrane , immunology , microbiology and biotechnology , placenta , fetus , gene expression , medicine , pregnancy , gene , genetics
PROBLEM: Cytokines form an important communication network between the mother and fetus. Defining the significance of these factors requires an understanding of their constitutive expression by maternal and fetal tissues. This study examines cytokine expression by human trophoblast. METHODS: A reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) technique was used to assess cytokine expression by choriocarcinoma cells (BeWo, JEG‐3, and JAR) and term trophoblast. Placental digests were enriched for trophoblast by immunoaffinity (CD‐9) columns. RESULTS: Interleukin (IL)‐1, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α and interferon (IFN)‐γ were weakly expressed or absent in the choriocarcinoma cells. In contrast, these cytokines were expressed by term trophoblast. IL‐6, IL‐10, IFN‐α, IFN‐β, and granulocyte macrophage‐colony stimulating factor (GM‐CSF) mRNA were detected in all trophoblast cells, except for a paucity of IL‐10 expression by JEG‐3 cells. CONCLUSIONS: Human choriocarcinoma cells and term trophoblast express cytokines that may regulate critical reproductive events. Expression of inflammatory cytokines such as IL‐1, TNF‐α, and IFN‐γ by term trophoblast could trigger labor or be a consequence of labor‐associated events.