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Long‐term musculoskeletal and cardiac health effects of recreational football and running for premenopausal women
Author(s) -
Krustrup P.,
Hansen P. R.,
Andersen L. J.,
Jakobsen M. D.,
Sundstrup E.,
Randers M. B.,
Christiansen L.,
Helge E. W.,
Pedersen M. T.,
Søgaard P.,
Junge A.,
Dvorak J.,
Aagaard P.,
Bangsbo J.
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
scandinavian journal of medicine and science in sports
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.575
H-Index - 115
eISSN - 1600-0838
pISSN - 0905-7188
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2010.01111.x
Subject(s) - medicine , cardiology , physical therapy , bone health , cardiac function curve , bone mineral , osteoporosis , heart failure
We examined long‐term musculoskeletal and cardiac adaptations elicited by recreational football (FG, n =9) and running (RG, n =10) in untrained premenopausal women in comparison with a control group (CG, n =9). Training was performed for 16 months (∼2 weekly 1‐h sessions). For FG, right and left ventricular end‐diastolic diameters were increased by 24% and 5% ( P <0.05), respectively, after 16 months. Right ventricular systolic function measured by tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) increased ( P <0.05) in FG after 4 months and further ( P <0.05) after 16 months (15% and 32%, respectively). In RG and CG, cardiac structure, E/A and TAPSE remained unchanged. For FG, whole‐body bone mineral density (BMD) was 2.3% and 1.3% higher ( P <0.05) after 16 months, than after 4 and 0 months, respectively, with no changes for RG and CG. FG demonstrated substantial improvements ( P <0.05) in fast (27% and 16%) and slow (16% and 17%) eccentric muscle strength and rapid force capacity (Imp30ms: 66% and 65%) after 16 months compared with 4 and 0 months, with RG improving Imp30ms by 64% and 46%. In conclusion, long‐term recreational football improved muscle function, postural balance and BMD in adult women with a potential favorable influence on the risk of falls and fractures. Moreover, football training induced consistent cardiac adaptations, which may have implications for long‐term cardiovascular health.