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Early and late rate of force development: differential adaptive responses to resistance training?
Author(s) -
Andersen L. L.,
Andersen J. L.,
Zebis M. K.,
Aagaard P.
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
scandinavian journal of medicine and science in sports
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.575
H-Index - 115
eISSN - 1600-0838
pISSN - 0905-7188
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2009.00933.x
Subject(s) - isometric exercise , medicine , resistance training , muscle contraction , cardiology , endocrinology , physical medicine and rehabilitation , physical therapy
The objective of this study is to investigate the potentially opposing influence of qualitative and quantitative muscular adaptations in response to high‐intensity resistance training on contractile rate of force development (RFD) in the early (<100 ms) and later phases (>200 ms) of rising muscle force. Fifteen healthy young males participated in a 14‐week resistance training intervention for the lower body and 10 matched subjects participated as controls. Maximal muscle strength (MVC) and RFD were measured during maximal voluntary isometric contraction of the quadriceps femoris muscle. Muscle biopsies were obtained from the vastus lateralis. The main findings were that RFD in the late phase of rising muscle force increased in response to resistance training whereas early RFD remained unchanged and early relative RFD (i.e., RFD/MVC) decreased. Quantitatively, muscle fiber cross‐sectional area and MVC increased whereas, qualitatively, the relative proportion of type IIX muscle fibers decreased. Multiple regression analysis showed that while increased MVC positively influenced both early and late RFD, decreased‐type IIX negatively influenced early RFD only. In conclusion, early and late RFD responded differently to high‐intensity resistance training due to differential influences of qualitative and quantitative muscular adaptations on early and later phases of rising muscle force.