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Combined diet and exercise intervention reverses the metabolic syndrome in middle‐aged males: results from the Oslo Diet and Exercise Study
Author(s) -
Anderssen S. A.,
Carroll S.,
Urdal P.,
Holme I.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
scandinavian journal of medicine and science in sports
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.575
H-Index - 115
eISSN - 1600-0838
pISSN - 0905-7188
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2006.00631.x
Subject(s) - medicine , metabolic syndrome , physical therapy , randomized controlled trial , intervention (counseling) , diabetes mellitus , physical exercise , obesity , endocrinology , psychiatry
We examined the single and combined effects of a 1‐year diet and exercise intervention on the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) metabolic syndrome among middle‐aged males. The study was a randomized, controlled, 2 × 2 factorial intervention study. Participants included 137 men with metabolic syndrome according to the IDF criteria aged 40–49 years randomly allocated to four intervention groups: diet alone ( n =34), exercise alone ( n =34), the combination of the diet and exercise intervention ( n =43) or control ( n =26). The main outcome measure was metabolic syndrome as defined by IDF criteria (2005). In the combined diet and exercise group, 14 participants (32.6%) ( P <0.0001 as compared with control) had the metabolic syndrome after 1‐year intervention. In the diet‐only group, 22 participants (64.7%) ( P =0.023 vs control) and in the exercise‐only group 26 participants (76.5%) ( P =0.23 vs control) had the metabolic syndrome following the intervention. Utilizing the factorial design, both dietary and exercise intervention had significant effects ( P <0.005) on the resolution of the metabolic syndrome. Both exercise and dietary intervention reduced metabolic syndrome prevalence compared with control after 1 year of intervention. However, the combined diet and exercise intervention was significantly more effective than diet or exercise alone in the treatment of the metabolic syndrome.