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Time course of molecular responses of human skeletal muscle to acute bouts of resistance exercise
Author(s) -
Bickel C. S.,
Slade J.,
Mahoney E.,
Haddad F.,
Dudley G. A.,
Adams G. R.
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
scandinavian journal of medicine and science in sports
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.575
H-Index - 115
eISSN - 1600-0838
pISSN - 0905-7188
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2005.453_2.x
Subject(s) - myogenin , myod , skeletal muscle , muscle hypertrophy , isometric exercise , anabolism , medicine , endocrinology , myocyte , messenger rna , stimulation , resistance training , biology , chemistry , myogenesis , gene , biochemistry
Resistance exercise (RE) training, designed to induce hypertrophy, strives for optimal activation of anabolic and myogenic mechanisms to increase myofiber size. Clearly, activation of these mechanisms must precede skeletal muscle growth. Most mechanistic studies of RE have involved analysis of outcome variables after many training sessions. This study measured molecular level responses to RE on a scale of hours to establish a time course for the activation of myogenic mechanisms. Muscle biopsy samples were collected from nine subjects before and after acute bouts of RE. The response to a single bout was assessed at 12 and 24 h post‐exercise. Further samples were obtained 24 and 72 h after a second exercise bout. RE was induced by neuromuscular electrical stimulation to generate maximal isometric contractions in the muscle of interest. A single RE bout resulted in increased levels of mRNA for IGF binding protein‐4 (84%), MyoD (83%), myogenin (approximately threefold), cyclin D1 (50%), and p21‐Waf1 (16‐fold), and a transient decrease in IGF‐I mRNA (46%). A temporally conserved, significant correlation between myogenin and p21 mRNA was observed ( r =0.70, P