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Inhibitory effect of enamel matrix derivative on osteoblastic differentiation of rat calvaria cells in culture
Author(s) -
Hama Hideki,
Azuma Hideki,
Seto Hiroyuki,
Kido Junichi,
Nagata Toshihiko
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
journal of periodontal research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.31
H-Index - 83
eISSN - 1600-0765
pISSN - 0022-3484
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2007.01010.x
Subject(s) - enamel matrix derivative , osteocalcin , alkaline phosphatase , calvaria , chemistry , transforming growth factor , matrix (chemical analysis) , endocrinology , enamel paint , osteoblast , cellular differentiation , medicine , microbiology and biotechnology , biochemistry , in vitro , biology , dentistry , enzyme , regeneration (biology) , chromatography , gene
Background and Objective: The effect of enamel matrix derivative (EMD) on bone differentiation remains unclear. Transforming growth factor β1 (TGF ‐ β1) is reported to be contained in EMD. The aim of this study was to clarify the effect of EMD on osteoblastic cell differentiation and the possible role of TGF ‐ β1. Material and Methods: Fetal rat carvarial cells were treated with 10, 50 or 100 µg/ml EMD for 5–17 days. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and bone nodule formation were measured, and mRNA expressions of bone matrix proteins and core binding factor were analysed. Results: Enamel matrix derivative inhibited ALP activity from the early stage of culture (29–44% inhibition) on days 5 and 10 and decreased bone nodule formation by 37–67% on day 17. These effects of EMD were concentration dependent. Enamel matrix derivative inhibited mRNA expression of osteocalcin and core binding factor. A high level of the active form of TGF ‐ β1 protein was detected in the conditioned medium treated with 100 µg/ml EMD. Treatment with TGF ‐ β1 antibody partly restored the inhibitory effect of EMD on ALP activity. Conclusion: Enamel matrix derivative inhibited the osteoblastic differentiation of rat carvarial cells and this was partly mediated by an increase in the activated form of TGF ‐ β1, suggesting that EMD may function initially to inhibit osteoblastic differentiation to allow a predominant formation of other periodontal tissues.