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The interleukin‐10 promoter haplotype ATA is a putative risk factor for aggressive periodontitis
Author(s) -
Reichert S.,
Machulla H. K. G.,
Klapproth J.,
Zimmermann U.,
Reichert Y.,
Gläser C. H.,
Schaller H. G.,
Stein J.,
Schulz S.
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
journal of periodontal research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.31
H-Index - 83
eISSN - 1600-0765
pISSN - 0022-3484
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2007.00992.x
Subject(s) - haplotype , aggressive periodontitis , periodontitis , prevotella intermedia , odds ratio , chronic periodontitis , genotype , interleukin , medicine , gastroenterology , risk factor , biology , immunology , genetics , cytokine , gene , porphyromonas gingivalis
Background and Objective: Interleukin‐10 has been described as an anti‐inflammatory cytokine and a B‐cell proliferation factor. Promoter polymorphisms of the interleukin‐10 gene have been associated with altered interleukin‐10 expression. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate three polymorphisms at positions −1082G>A, −819C>T and −590C>A in patients with generalized chronic periodontitis ( n = 27) and generalized aggressive periodontitis ( n = 32) in comparison with periodontitis‐free controls ( n = 34). Material and Methods: Interleukin‐10 promoter polymorphisms were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction with sequence‐specific primers (PCR‐SSP). Distributions of single alleles, genotypes and haplotypes were calculated by the chi‐square test. Risk factor analyses were carried out by logistic regression. Subgingival bacteria were subjected to molecular biological analyses using the micro‐Ident ® test. Results: The combination ATA/ATA was found only in patients with aggressive periodontitis (15.6 vs. 0.0%, p = 0.023). Taking into account age, gender, smoking and plaque level, an increased odds ratio (3.7, p = 0.04) for aggressive periodontitis was shown for subjects with the haplotype ATA. Prevotella intermedia was found to be decreased in ACC‐ positive (41.3 vs. 66.7%, p = 0.022), ATA‐positive (33.3 vs. 57.1%, p = 0.032) and ACC/ATA‐positive (20.0 vs. 55.9%, p = 0.002) individuals. In GCC/GCC‐positive subjects, P. intermedia occurred more frequently (86.7 vs. 42.3%, p = 0.002). Conclusion: The haplotype ATA, which is known as a ‘low interleukin‐10 producer’ is a putative risk indicator for generalized aggressive periodontitis.