Premium
Association of gene polymorphisms for plasminogen activators with alveolar bone loss
Author(s) -
DeCarlo A. A.,
Grenett H.,
Park J.,
Balton W.,
Cohen J.,
Hardigan P.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
journal of periodontal research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.31
H-Index - 83
eISSN - 1600-0765
pISSN - 0022-3484
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2006.00949.x
Subject(s) - plasminogen activator , dental alveolus , plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 , genotype , urokinase , medicine , endocrinology , immunology , biology , gene , genetics , dentistry
Background and Objective: The plasminogen activating system is a protease/inhibitor system central to extracellular matrix remodeling with a suggested role in periodontal disease pathology. A few studies have reported polymorphisms in the genes of plasminogen activator inhibitors to be associated with periodontal disease severity. Two gene polymorphisms – a Bam HI restriction fragment length polymorphism in the urokinase plasminogen activator gene ( uPA ) and a Hin dIII restriction fragment length polymorphism in the plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 gene ( PAI‐1 ) – have been associated with conditions having a vascular component, and our objective was to assess the association of these gene polymorphisms with alveolar bone loss in chronic periodontal disease of adults. Material and Methods: Genotype was determined by polymerase chain reaction amplification of whole blood, pertinent histories were obtained by interview, and alveolar bone loss was assessed from current radiographs. Results: In 77 elderly patients with a normal distribution of alveolar bone loss, we demonstrated a significant association between levels of alveolar bone loss and these polymorphisms in the uPA and PAI‐1 genes. Controlling for the contributions of smoking or diabetes to periodontal bone loss, estimated odds ratios for predicting lower levels of alveolar bone loss, associated with a greater degree of periodontal health, were strongest when defined by the concurrent presence of a homozygous urokinase plasminogen activator genotype and the nuclease‐sensitive plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 ( Hin dIII) allele (odds ratio = 2.6; 95% confidence interval: 5.8–1.3). Conclusion: The urokinase plasminogen activator ( Bam HI) and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 ( Hin dIII) genotypes may serve as useful markers for heritability of bone loss associated with periodontal disease.