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Detection of stable and active periodontitis sites by clinical assessment and gingival crevicular acute‐phase protein levels
Author(s) -
Adonogianaki E.,
Mooney J.,
Kinane D. F.
Publication year - 1996
Publication title -
journal of periodontal research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.31
H-Index - 83
eISSN - 1600-0765
pISSN - 0022-3484
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-0765.1996.tb00475.x
Subject(s) - lactoferrin , periodontitis , acute phase protein , clinical attachment loss , transferrin , bleeding on probing , medicine , albumin , gastroenterology , dentistry , chronic periodontitis , inflammation , chemistry , biochemistry
The aim of the present study was to investigate whether incipient periodontal disease breakdown could be associated with changes in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) acute‐phase protein levels. In addition, the potential of clinical indices to act as predictors of significant attachment level (AL) change was investigated. AL measurements were taken at baseline and 3 months using the Florida Probe stent handpiece from a total of 384 sites in 38 patients. The average standard deviation of duplicate AL measurements was 0.423. When the tolerance method was used to detect significant AL change, 3.9% of the sites lost attachment. When a less stringent criterion of AL change of ≥1 mm was used 9.9% of the sites lost attachment during the 3‐month period. With the exception of probing depth, baseline clinical parameters failed to predict AL change. Fourteen active periodontitis sites that demonstrated significant attachment loss were paired to stable periodontitis sites within the same patient. The levels of four acute‐phase proteins, namely α2‐macroglobulin (α2‐M), α1‐antitrypsin (α1‐AT), transferrin (TF) and lactoferrin (LF), and also albumin (Alb) were assessed in the same gingival crevicular fluid sample using sandwich ELISAs. Results were expressed either as ng/30 s and ng/μg Alb. Acute‐phase protein levels in GCF failed to differentiate between active and stable periodontitis sites at baseline. In conclusion, the degree of gingival inflammation of the tissues adjacent to the crevice/pocket seems to influence the levels of protease inhibitors and iron‐binding proteins in GCF to a greater extent than probing attachment loss.