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Sodium chloride and potassium sorbate: a synergistic combination against E nterococcus faecalis biofilms: an in vitro study
Author(s) -
Waal Suzette V.,
Jiang LeiMeng,
Soet Johannes J.,
Sluis Lucas W.M.,
Wesselink Paul R.,
Crielaard Wim
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
european journal of oral sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.802
H-Index - 93
eISSN - 1600-0722
pISSN - 0909-8836
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2012.00982.x
Subject(s) - potassium sorbate , enterococcus faecalis , resazurin , chemistry , biofilm , microbiology and biotechnology , food science , potassium , salt (chemistry) , chlorhexidine , sodium , calcium hydroxide , potassium hydroxide , nuclear chemistry , bacteria , biochemistry , organic chemistry , biology , dentistry , medicine , escherichia coli , genetics , sugar , gene
Incomplete disinfection of the root canal system is a major cause of post‐treatment disease. This study aimed to investigate the disinfecting property of organic acid salts and sodium chloride ( NaCl ), in a double‐hurdle strategy, on E nterococcus faecalis biofilms. First of all, the high‐throughput resazurin metabolism assay ( RMA ) was used to test a range of organic acid salts. Then, to gain more insight into the efficacy of sorbate salt solutions, 48‐h E . faecalis biofilms were evaluated in colony‐forming unit ( CFU ) assays. Chlorhexidine ( CHX ) and calcium hydroxide [ Ca(OH) 2 ] were tested in parallel as controls. Sorbate salt produced the largest and most significant reduction of fluorescence intensity in the RMA assay. Neither NaCl nor potassium sorbate ( KS ) alone induced a clinically relevant reduction of CFU counts after 1 h. Surprisingly, the combination of the two in a single solution had a synergistic effect on the inactivation of E . faecalis . Potassium sorbate amplified the efficacy of NaCl . Of the salts tested, NaCl with KS eradicated E . faecalis biofilms within 1 h. This study showed that the double‐hurdle strategy indeed leads to synergistic efficacy and is a possible next step in the complete disinfection of endodontic infections.