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Fluoride down‐regulates the expression of matrix metalloproteinase‐20 in human fetal tooth ameloblast‐lineage cells in vitro
Author(s) -
Zhang Yan,
Yan Qiaomei,
Li Wu,
DenBesten Pamela K.
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
european journal of oral sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.802
H-Index - 93
eISSN - 1600-0722
pISSN - 0909-8836
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2006.00303.x
Subject(s) - ameloblast , matrix metalloproteinase , in vitro , fetus , microbiology and biotechnology , matrix metalloproteinase 9 , matrix (chemical analysis) , fluoride , metalloproteinase , lineage (genetic) , biology , chemistry , andrology , dentistry , medicine , genetics , pregnancy , gene , enamel paint , inorganic chemistry , chromatography
Fluoride is associated with a decrease in the incidence of dental caries, but excessive fluoride intake during tooth enamel formation can result in enamel fluorosis. Fluorosed enamel has increased porosity, which has been related to a delay in the removal of amelogenin proteins as the enamel matures. This delay in protein removal suggests that fluoride may affect either the amount or the activity of enamel matrix proteinases. In this study, we investigated the role of fluoride in the synthesis and secretion of matrix metalloproteinase‐20 (MMP‐20), the proteinase primarily responsible for the initial hydrolysis of amelogenin during the secretory stage of enamel formation. Cultured human fetus tooth organ ameloblast‐lineage cells were exposed to 10 µ M fluoride and analyzed for synthesis of MMP‐20. Immunoblotting showed that 10 µ M NaF down‐regulated the synthesis of MMP‐20 by 21% compared with control cells, but did not alter the amount of amelogenin or kalikrein‐4 (KLK‐4) synthesized by the cells. Real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) showed that 10 µ M NaF down‐regulated MMP‐20 mRNA expression to 28% of the levels found in the non‐treated cells. These in vitro results suggest that fluoride can alter the expression of MMP‐20 by ameloblasts, resulting in a disturbance of the balance between MMP‐20 and its substrate that may contribute to the retention of amelogenins in the formation of fluorosed enamel.