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Effects of actinomycin D on developing hamster molar tooth germs in vitro
Author(s) -
Lyaruu D. M.,
Duin M. A.,
Bervoets T. J. M.,
Wöltgens J. H. M.,
Bronckers A. L. J. J.
Publication year - 1997
Publication title -
european journal of oral sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.802
H-Index - 93
eISSN - 1600-0722
pISSN - 0909-8836
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-0722.1997.tb00180.x
Subject(s) - ameloblast , odontoblast , hamster , amelogenesis , in vitro , molar , organ culture , biology , cytotoxicity , cell culture , pharmacology , microbiology and biotechnology , endocrinology , medicine , andrology , enamel paint , biochemistry , pathology , dentistry , genetics , paleontology , dentin
The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxic effects of actinomycin D on the developing hamster tooth germ in organ culture. Hamster tooth germs during early secretory amelogenesis were exposed in vitro for 24 h to 10 −9 M‐5 × 10 −5 M actinomycin D. Actinomycin D dose‐dependently ( 10 −7 M) decreased the tooth germ dry weight but mineralization was affected only by doses 10 −5 M. However, the uptakes of TCA‐insoluble 32P and [3H]thymidine were significantly reduced dose‐dependently from 10 −8 M actinomycin D, indicating that the drug inhibits the synthesis of phosphate‐containing macfomolecules as well as DNA synthesis. Histologically, 10 −8 M actinomycin D was the lowest dose which was not toxic to any cell type in the developing tooth germ. At 10 −7 M actinomycin D, the most sensitive cells were the proliferating preodontoblasts followed by pre‐ameloblasts; the mature secretory ameloblasts and odontoblasts appeared unaffected. Higher doses resulted in increased cytotoxicity to the secretory cells and, eventually, total degeneration of most cells. The data suggest that children treated for cancer during tooth development using anti‐chemotherapy cocktails containing actinomycin D (serum levels >10 −7 M) may develop defects later on in the mature dentition as a direct consequence of the toxicity of the drug to the tooth organ.