The efficacy of topical hyaluronic acid in the management of recurrent aphthous ulceration

Background:  The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a topical hyaluronic acid (HA) preparation (0.2%) in the management of recurrent aphthous ulceration (RAU). Methods:  One hundred and twenty patients with RAU participated in a randomized, placebo controlled, double‐blind trial to evaluate the efficacy of the topical HA and preparation. Outcome measures include soreness relief on immediate application (recorded over 60 min). Thereafter, patients completed a log diary recording soreness from the ulcers, occurrence of new ulcers and ulcer duration. Results:  Both topical HA and placebo resulted in a significant reduction in ulcer soreness following immediate application ( P  = 0.0004). Throughout the rest of the investigation period, there was no significant differences ( P  > 0.05) between the treatments for reducing soreness. Patients treated with topical HA recorded few ulcers on day 5 of the investigation than those treated with placebo ( P  < 0.001). Likewise, the occurrence of new ulcers was lower in the HA treated group on day 4 when compared with placebo ( P  = 0.047). Conclusion:  Topical HA (0.2%) may be of benefit in the management of RAU. Immediate reduction of symptoms appears to be a barrier effect.