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Orofacial manifestations of the systemic mycoses
Author(s) -
Scully Crispian,
Almeida Oslei Paes
Publication year - 1992
Publication title -
journal of oral pathology and medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.887
H-Index - 83
eISSN - 1600-0714
pISSN - 0904-2512
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-0714.1992.tb01013.x
Subject(s) - histoplasmosis , medicine , cryptococcosis , dermatology , systemic disease , mycosis , disease , aspergillosis , mucormycosis , immunology , intensive care medicine , pathology
Aspergillosis, cryptococcosis and zygomyacosis (muconnycosis) are overall the most common systemic mycoses but histoplasmosis is particularly endemic in parts of central USA and other areas worldwide. Orofacial lesions caused by systemic mycoses have rarely been reported in the past though they have been recorded particularly in outdoor workers from geographic areas with a high prevalence of infection and occasionally in immunocompromised individuals. Increasing worldwide travel, and the dramatic increase in numbers of immunocompromised persons, especially those with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease, have been responsible for an increase in reports and other studies of orofacial disease in systemic mycoses and new opportunists arc now being recognized. Those in Oral Medicine and Pathology must now be aware of the possibility of a systemic‐mycosis as the cause of chronic oral ulceration, chronic maxillary sinus infection, or bizarre mouth lesions, especially in patients with HIV disease, lymphoproliferative disorders, or diabetes mellitus, or in those who have been in endemic areas. Diagnosis and management should be undertaken in consultation with a physician with appropriate expertise, as pulmonary and other systemic infection may well be present. This paper reviews the eight main systemic mycoses.