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Depo‐Provera abrogates attenuated lentivirus‐induced protection in male rhesus macaques challenged intravenously with pathogenic SIVmac239
Author(s) -
Genescà Meritxell,
Li Jun,
Fritts Linda,
Chohan Paul,
Bost Kristen,
Rourke Tracy,
Blozis Shelley A.,
McChesney Michael B.,
Miller Christopher J.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
journal of medical primatology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.31
H-Index - 42
eISSN - 1600-0684
pISSN - 0047-2565
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-0684.2007.00244.x
Subject(s) - simian immunodeficiency virus , lentivirus , immunology , virology , medicine , attenuated vaccine , biology , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , viral disease , biochemistry , virulence , gene
Background Progesterone administration prior to intravaginal challenge with pathogenic SIVmac239 decreases the protective efficacy of live attenuated vaccines in rhesus macaques. Methods To determine if progesterone alters the efficacy of live attenuated vaccines through local or systemic effects, seven male rhesus macaques were immunized with SHIV89.6 and then challenged intravenously with SIVmac239. Three of these animals were treated with Depo‐Provera 30 days prior to the SIV challenge. Results The SHIV animals had significantly lower plasma viral RNA levels than the unimmunized control monkeys, but the Depo‐Provera treated, SHIV‐immunized animals did not. Despite the lack of protection, the Depo‐Provera SHIV animals had strong SIV specific T‐cell responses. However, altered patterns of NK frequency and CD38 T‐cell expression prior to SIV challenge were observed in Depo‐Provera SHIV animals. Conclusions Depo‐Provera eliminates live‐attenuated lentivirus vaccine efficacy in male rhesus monkeys through systemic effects on antiviral immunity and/or viral replication.