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Antigen‐specific cytokine responses in vaccinated Macaca nemestrina
Author(s) -
Mulvania Thera,
Lynch John B.,
Robertson Michael N.,
Greenberg Philip D.,
Morton William R.,
Mullins James I.
Publication year - 1999
Publication title -
journal of medical primatology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.31
H-Index - 42
eISSN - 1600-0684
pISSN - 0047-2565
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-0684.1999.tb00268.x
Subject(s) - ctl* , immunology , antigen , virology , biology , cytokine , cytotoxic t cell , virus , cd8 , immune system , in vitro , biochemistry
We describe a new surrogate assay for CD8 + T lymphocyte activity that has the capability of discriminating between cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity and cytokine‐mediated suppressive activity. We applied this approach to two groups of Macaca nemestrina vaccinated with a minimally pathogenic strain of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 [HIV‐2 (HIV‐2 KR )] as a model of an attenuated virus vaccine. Group 1 was then inoculated with a non‐infectious stock of a pathogenic strain, HIV‐2 287 . Both groups 1 and 2 were subsequently challenged with an infectious stock of HIV‐2 287 . Five out of six group 1 animals were protected against CD4 decline, whereas three out of six animals in group 2 were protected. Analysis of CTL responses demonstrated strong activity against HIV‐2 KR ‐Gag in group 1. It was determined that strong CTL responses correlate with antigen‐specific T‐helper (Th) type 1 responses. This antigen‐specific cytokine assay has the potential to better elucidate the functional mechanisms of CD8 + T‐cell‐mediated protection than traditional methods to date.