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Roles of Ca v channels and AHNAK1 in T cells: the beauty and the beast
Author(s) -
Matza Didi,
Flavell Richard A.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
immunological reviews
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.839
H-Index - 223
eISSN - 1600-065X
pISSN - 0105-2896
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-065x.2009.00805.x
Subject(s) - voltage dependent calcium channel , receptor , transient receptor potential channel , microbiology and biotechnology , ion channel , cd8 , biology , calcium , immune system , biophysics , chemistry , immunology , biochemistry , organic chemistry
Summary: T lymphocytes require Ca 2+ entry though the plasma membrane for their activation and function. Recently, several routes for Ca 2+ entry through the T‐cell plasma membrane after activation have been described. These include calcium release‐activated channels (CRAC), transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, and inositol‐1,4,5‐trisphosphate receptors (IP 3 Rs). Herein we review the emergence of a fourth new route for Ca 2+ entry, composed of Ca v channels (also known as L‐type voltage‐gated calcium channels) and the scaffold protein AHNAK1 (AHNAK/desmoyokin). Both helper (CD4 + ) and killer (CD8 + ) T cells express high levels of Ca v 1 α1 subunits (α1S, α1C, α1D, and α1F) and AHNAK1 after their differentiation and require these molecules for Ca 2+ entry during an immune response. In this article, we describe the observations and open questions that ultimately suggest the involvement of multiple consecutive routes for Ca 2+ entry into lymphocytes, one of which may be mediated by Ca v channels and AHNAK1.