Premium
Rainbow trout cytokine and cytokine receptor genes
Author(s) -
Secombes Christopher,
Zou Jun,
Daniels Garry,
Cunningham Charles,
Koussounadis Antonis,
Kemp Graham
Publication year - 1998
Publication title -
immunological reviews
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 6.839
H-Index - 223
eISSN - 1600-065X
pISSN - 0105-2896
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-065x.1998.tb01273.x
Subject(s) - biology , trout , rainbow trout , exon , gene , cytokine , microbiology and biotechnology , homology (biology) , genetics , fishery , fish <actinopterygii>
Summary: Transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) and interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) have been cloned from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in our laboratory. The trout TGF‐β is typical of members of the cysteine knot cytokine family, and has highest homology to TGF‐β 1 , TGF‐β 4 and TGF‐β s The gene organisation is different to other TGF‐β genes despite die presence of seven exons. Trout IL‐1β has less homology lo known IL‐1βs (49–56% amino acid similarity) but shows dear conservation of the secondary structure of the “mature peptide”. An interleukin‐converting enzyme cut site is not apparent however, and it remains to be determined whether fish IL‐1β must be cleaved for biological activity. The trout IL‐1β gene consists of six exons, one less than in mammals, with the missing exon at the 5 1 end of the gene. Two trout chemokine receptors have also been isolated in our laboratory, having high homology to CXC‐R4 and CC‐R7 (67% and 56% nucleotide identity respectively). With a view to studying the biological effects of fish cytokines we have also cloned the inducible nitric oxide (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX‐2) genes in trout. Both have high homology to known mammalian and chicken genes, and have been shown to be inducible in trout.