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A broad‐spectrum sunscreen prevents UVA radiation‐induced gene expression in reconstructed skin in vitro and in human skin in vivo
Author(s) -
Marionnet Claire,
GretherBeck Susanne,
Seité Sophie,
Marini Alessandra,
Jaenicke Thomas,
Lejeune François,
Bastien Philippe,
Rougier André,
Bernerd Françoise,
Krutmann Jean
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
experimental dermatology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.108
H-Index - 96
eISSN - 1600-0625
pISSN - 0906-6705
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2011.01265.x
Subject(s) - human skin , in vivo , oxidative stress , gene expression , superoxide dismutase , photoprotection , biology , chemistry , cancer research , microbiology and biotechnology , gene , biochemistry , genetics , photosynthesis
The efficacy of sunscreens to protect against ultraviolet (UV) A radiation is usually assessed by measuring erythema formation and pigmentation. The biological relevance of these endpoints for UVA‐induced skin damage, however, is not known. We therefore carried out two complementary studies to determine UVA protection provided by a broad‐spectrum sunscreen product at a molecular level by studying UVA radiation‐induced gene expression. One study was performed on human reconstructed skin in vitro with a semi‐global gene expression analysis of 227 genes in fibroblasts and 244 in keratinocytes. The second one was conducted in vivo in human volunteers and focused on genes involved in oxidative stress response and photo‐ageing (haeme oxygenase‐1, superoxide dismutase‐2, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, matrix metalloproteinase‐1). In‐vitro UVA radiation induced modulation of genes involved in extracellular matrix homeostasis, oxidative stress, heat shock responses, cell growth, inflammation and epidermal differentiation. Sunscreen pre‐application abrogated or significantly reduced these effects, as underlined by unsupervised clustering analysis. The in vivo study confirmed that the sunscreen prevented UVA radiation–induced transcriptional expression of the five studied genes. These findings indicate the high efficacy of a broad‐spectrum sunscreen in protecting human skin against UVA‐induced gene responses and suggest that this approach is a biologically relevant complement to existing methods.