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Sodium lauryl sulphate alters the mRNA expression of lipid‐metabolizing enzymes and PPAR signalling in normal human skin in vivo
Author(s) -
Törmä Hans,
Berne Berit
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
experimental dermatology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.108
H-Index - 96
eISSN - 1600-0625
pISSN - 0906-6705
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2009.00877.x
Subject(s) - ceramide , enzyme , chemistry , lactosylceramide , peroxisome , lipid metabolism , peroxisome proliferator activated receptor , biochemistry , receptor , sphingolipid , stratum corneum , biology , apoptosis , genetics
Detergents irritate skin and affect skin barrier homeostasis. In this study, healthy skin was exposed to 1% sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) in water for 24 h. Biopsies were taken 6 h to 8 days post exposure. Lipid patterns were stained in situ and real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to examine mRNA expression of enzymes synthesizing barrier lipids, peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptors (PPAR) and lipoxygenases. The lipid pattern was disorganized from 6 h to 3 days after SLS exposure. Concomitant changes in mRNA expression included: (i) reduction, followed by induction, of ceramide‐generating β‐glucocerebrosidase, (ii) increase on day 1 of two other enzymes for ceramide biosynthesis and (iii) persistent reduction of acetyl‐CoA carboxylase‐B, a key enzyme in fatty acid synthesis. Surprisingly, the rate‐limiting enzyme in cholesterol synthesis, HMG‐CoA reductase, was unaltered. Among putative regulators of barrier lipids synthesis, PPARα and PPARγ exhibited reduced mRNA expression, while PPARβ/δ and LXRβ were unaltered. Epidermal lipoxygenase‐3, which may generate PPARα agonists, exhibited reduced expression. In conclusion, SLS induces reorganization of lipids in the stratum corneum, which play a role in detergents’ destruction of the barrier. The changes in mRNA expression of enzymes involved in synthesizing barrier lipids are probably important for the restoration of the barrier.