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Characterization of liver X receptor expression and function in human skin and the pilosebaceous unit
Author(s) -
Russell Louise E.,
Harrison Wesley J.,
Bahta Adiam W.,
Zouboulis Christos C.,
Burrin Jacky M.,
Philpott Michael P.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
experimental dermatology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.108
H-Index - 96
eISSN - 1600-0625
pISSN - 0906-6705
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2007.00612.x
Subject(s) - liver x receptor , hair follicle , biology , human skin , immortalised cell line , nuclear receptor , cell culture , liver x receptor alpha , microbiology and biotechnology , keratinocyte , receptor , cell growth , endocrinology , medicine , lipogenesis , transcription factor , lipid metabolism , biochemistry , genetics , gene
The nuclear receptors liver X receptor alpha (LXRα) and liver X‐receptor beta (LXRβ) have a well documented role in cholesterol homeostasis and lipid metabolism within tissues and cells including the liver, small intestine and macrophages. In keratinocytes, LXRs have been shown to up‐regulate differentiation in vitro via increased transcription of proteins of the AP1 complex and to down‐regulate proliferation in vivo . In this study, we provide a detailed description of the location and possible role of LXRs within human skin and its associated glands and appendages. Using RT‐PCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry, we have demonstrated expression of LXRα and LXRβ mRNA and proteins in whole human skin as well as within a range of primary and immortalized human cell lines derived from human skin, hair follicle and sebaceous glands. Furthermore, we have shown that synthetic LXR specific agonists GW683965 and TO901317 significantly inhibit cell proliferation in primary epidermal keratinocytes, immortalized N/TERT keratinocytes and the immortalized SZ95 sebocyte line, and significantly increase lipogenesis in SZ95 sebocytes. In addition, we showed that the synthetic agonist TO901317 significantly reduced hair growth, in vitro .