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Analysis of peroxidase‐negative acute unclassifiable leukemias by monoclonal antibodies. 1. Acute myelogenous leukemia and acute myelomonocytic leukemia
Author(s) -
Imamura Nobutaka,
Tanaka Ryuji,
Kajihara Hiroki,
Kuramoto Atsushi
Publication year - 1988
Publication title -
european journal of haematology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.904
H-Index - 84
eISSN - 1600-0609
pISSN - 0902-4441
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-0609.1988.tb00221.x
Subject(s) - acute myelomonocytic leukemia , leukemia , antigen , myeloid , myeloperoxidase , monoclonal antibody , bone marrow , acute leukemia , immunophenotyping , myeloid leukemia , immunology , thp1 cell line , terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase , monocyte , medicine , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , pathology , antibody , immunohistochemistry , cell culture , inflammation , tunel assay , genetics
In this study, pretreatment peripheral and/or bone marrow blasts from 12 patients with acute unclassifiable leukemia (AUL) expressing the myeloid‐related cell‐surface antigen (CD 11) were isolated for further analysis. Despite a lack of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, 1 patient's blasts contained cytoplasmic Auer rods. The circulating blasts from another patient expressed MPO while maintaining the same surface phenotype during 20 months of clinical follow‐up. In addition, the blasts from 3 cases demonstrated both myelomonocytic and monocyte‐specific surface antigens, whereas the remaining 9 cases completely lacked any monocyte‐specific antigen detectable by monoclonal antibodies, Mo2, My4 and Leu M3 (CD 14). The first case eventually was diagnosed as acute myelomonocytic leukemia and the second as acute myelogenous leukemia by means of immunophenotypic analysis using flow cytometry (FACS IV). In addition, the presence of MPO protein was identified in the cytoplasm of blast cells from 5 patients with AUL by means of a cytoplasmic immunofluorescence test using a monoclonal antibody (MA1). Our study indicates that non‐T, non‐B AUL expressing OKM1 (CD 11) antigens include acute leukemias which are unequivocally identifiable as being of either myeloid or myelomonocytic origin. However, further investigations, including immunophenotypic and cytoplasmic analysis, ultrastructural cytochemistry and gene analysis with molecular probes (tests applicable to normal myeloid cells), are necessary in order to determine the actual origin of blasts and to recognize the differentiation stages of the various types of leukemic cells from patients with undifferentiated forms of leukemia.