Open AccessOperation of dichogamy and herkogamy in five taxa of Pulsatilla
Author(s) -
Jonsson Olle,
Rosquist Gabrielle,
Widén Björn
Publication year - 1991
Publication title -
ecography
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.973
H-Index - 128
eISSN - 1600-0587
pISSN - 0906-7590
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-0587.1991.tb00660.x
Subject(s) - pollen , biology , pollination , obligate , botany , gynoecium , pollinator , population , stamen , demography , sociology
Dichogamy in five taxa of Pulsatilla (P. patens, P. pratensis, P. vernalis, P. vulgaris ssp. gotlandica and P. vulgaris ssp. vulgaris ) is incomplete with overlap between the female and male phases of a flower. The species are protogynous with the duration of the obligate female phase lasting 0 to 10 d and the duration of stigma receptivity of unpollinated flowers lasting 3.5 to 32 d in the greenhouse. The pollen presentation time varied between 1.5 and 10 d. There were significant differences among species in duration of both female and male phases. Hand pollination decreased the duration of stigmatic receptivity and pollen presentation significantly. The spatial separation of pollen presentation and receptive surfaces in a flower changed with time due to the continuing growth of the androecium and the gynoecium, and due to the temporal pattern of pollen presentation within the androecium. Hand pollination experiments indicate that seed set may be partly pollen‐limited in a natural population of P. vulgaris ssp. vulgaris. The level of cross‐pollination was high in this population as shown by high levels of pollen deposition on the stigmas during the obligate female phase.