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Epstein‐Barr virus‐associated leiomyosarcoma with cutaneous involvement in an African child with human immunodeficiency virus: a case report and review of the literature
Author(s) -
Tetzlaff Michael T.,
Nosek Carl,
Kovarik Carrie L.
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
journal of cutaneous pathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.597
H-Index - 75
eISSN - 1600-0560
pISSN - 0303-6987
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-0560.2011.01721.x
Subject(s) - human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , pathology , leiomyosarcoma , medicine , virus , epstein–barr virus , immunodeficiency , sarcoma , virology , immunology , immune system
Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV)‐associated smooth muscle tumors (SMTs) are infrequently encountered lesions restricted to immunocompromised patients. However, they represent the second most common tumor in children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We report a case of a progressively enlarging abdominal mass with cutaneous involvement in an HIV‐infected, 4‐year‐old African girl in Malawi with clinical acquired immunodeficiency syndrome on highly active antiretroviral therapy. Analysis of an excisional specimen revealed a well‐differentiated leiomyosarcoma and subsequent studies revealed diffuse nuclear positivity for Epstein‐Barr virus early RNAs in lesional cells. We present a report of this case and provide a summary of the literature regarding SMTs in pediatric HIV‐infected patients. In addition, we draw attention to the cutaneous manifestations of SMTs in immunosuppressed populations. We highlight EBV‐related SMTs as a potential cutaneous complication of HIV infection in children and immunosuppressed patients populations as a whole. Tetzlaff MT, Nosek C, Kovarik CL. Epstein‐Barr virus‐associated leiomyosarcoma with cutaneous involvement in an African child with human immunodeficiency virus: a case report and review of the literature.