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Suitability of macrophage inflammatory protein‐1β production by THP‐1 cells in differentiating skin sensitizers from irritant chemicals
Author(s) -
Lim YeonMi,
Moon SeongJoon,
An SuSun,
Lee SooJin,
Kim SeoYoung,
Chang IhSeop,
Park KuiLea,
Kim HyoungAh,
Heo Yong
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
contact dermatitis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.524
H-Index - 96
eISSN - 1600-0536
pISSN - 0105-1873
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-0536.2007.01311.x
Subject(s) - chemistry , local lymph node assay , salicylic acid , chemical compound , methyl salicylate , benzalkonium chloride , pharmacology , in vivo , eugenol , toxicity , sensitization , biochemistry , chromatography , in vitro , immunology , medicine , organic chemistry , potency , ecology , microbiology and biotechnology , biology
Background: Worldwide restrictions in animal use for research have driven efforts to develop alternative methods. Objective: The study aimed to test the efficacy of the macrophage inflammatory protein‐1β (MIP‐1β) assay for testing chemicals’ skin‐sensitizing capacity. Methods: The assay was performed using 9 chemicals judged to be sensitizing and 7 non‐sensitizing by the standard in vivo assays. THP‐1 cells were cultured in the presence or absence of 4 doses, 0.01x, 0.1x, 0.5x, or 1x IC 50 (50% inhibitory concentration for THP‐1 cell proliferation) of these chemicals for 24 hr, and the MIP‐1β level in the supernatants was determined. Skin sensitization by the test chemicals was determined by MIP‐1β production rates. The MIP‐1β production rate was expressed as the relative increase in MIP‐1β production in response to chemical treatment compared with vehicle treatment. Results and Conclusion: When the threshold MIP‐1β production rate used was 100% or 105% of dimethyl sulfoxide, all the sensitizing chemicals tested (dinitrochlorobenzene, hexyl cinnamic aldehyde, eugenol, hydroquinone, dinitrofluorobenzene, benzocaine, nickel, chromium, and 5‐chloro‐2‐methyl‐4‐isothiazolin‐3‐one) were positive, and all the non‐sensitizing chemicals (methyl salicylate, benzalkonium chloride, lactic acid, isopropanol, and salicylic acid), with the exception of sodium lauryl sulfate, were negative for MIP‐1β production. These results indicate that MIP‐1β could be a biomarker for classification of chemicals as sensitizers or non‐sensitizers.