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Dose per unit area – a study of elicitation of nickel allergy
Author(s) -
Fischer Louise Arup,
Menné Torkil,
Johansen Jeanne Duus
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
contact dermatitis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.524
H-Index - 96
eISSN - 1600-0536
pISSN - 0105-1873
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-0536.2007.01096.x
Subject(s) - nickel , nickel allergy , sensitization , allergy , medicine , patch test , allergic contact dermatitis , toxicology , allergen , immunology , contact dermatitis , chemistry , biology , organic chemistry
Background: Experimental sensitization depends upon the amount of allergen per unit skin area and is largely independent of the area size. Objectives: This study aimed at testing if this also applies for elicitation of nickel allergy. Patients/methods: 20 nickel allergic individuals were tested with a patch test and a repeated open application test (ROAT). Nickel was applied on small and large areas. The varying parameters were area, total dose and dose per unit area. Results: In the patch test, at a low concentration [15 μg nickel (μgNi)/cm 2 ], there were significantly higher scores on the large area with the same dose per area as the small area. At higher concentrations of nickel, no significant differences were found. In the ROAT at low concentration (6.64 μgNi/cm 2 ), it was found that the latency period until a reaction appeared was significantly shorter on the large area compared to the small area. It was also found that the ROAT threshold (per application) was lower than the patch test threshold. Conclusion: For elicitation of nickel allergy, the size of the exposed area and therefore the total amount of applied nickel, influence the elicitation reaction at some concentrations, even though the same dose per unit area is applied.