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Ranking of surfactant skin irritancy in vivo in man using the plastic occlusion stress test (POST)
Author(s) -
Berardesca E.,
Fideli D.,
Gabba P.,
Cespa M.,
Raggiosi G.,
Maibach H. I.
Publication year - 1990
Publication title -
contact dermatitis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.524
H-Index - 96
eISSN - 1600-0536
pISSN - 0105-1873
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-0536.1990.tb00075.x
Subject(s) - skin irritation , in vivo , pulmonary surfactant , dermatology , medicine , skin test , human skin , contact dermatitis , allergy , chemistry , biology , pathology , immunology , biochemistry , tuberculosis , genetics , microbiology and biotechnology
Irritant effects and disturbance of water‐holding capacity induced by surfactants were investigated using the plastic occlusion stress test (POST) technique. 4 surfactants (sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS), sorbitan monolaurate, cocoamidopropyl betaine and benzalkonium chloride) and an amphoteric/ nonionic (A/ N) mix were investigated. 1 × daily for 3 days, test surfactants were applied to marked sues (open) on the volar forearm. After 24 h occlusion with a plastic chamber on the 4th days. skin surface water loss (SSWL) (g/m 2 h) was recorded continuously for 25 min with an evaporimeter. The differences between the surfactants were statistically significant (Friedman's test p <0.01). SLS and the A/ N mix revealed significant differences compared to the other compounds ( p <0.05), both in decay constants and in values recorded at the beginning and at the end of the decay curve. The study suggests a mechanism for the high irritant potential of sodium lauryl sulphate compared lo other surfactants: sorbitan monolaurate and benzalkonium chloride seem lo influence (at the concentrations tested) to a lesser extent the water‐holding capacity of the stratum corneum. The clinical and biological relevance of these observations requires long‐term clinical correlations with final product use tests.