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Epidemiology of nickel allergy
Author(s) -
Schubert H.,
Berova N.,
Czernielewski A.,
Hegyi E.,
Jirásek L.,
Kohánka Valéria,
Korossy S.,
Michailov P.,
Nebenführer L.,
Prater E.,
Rothe A.,
Rudzki E.,
Stranski L.,
Süss E.,
Tarnick. M.,
Temesvári E.,
Zieoler V.,
Zschunke E.
Publication year - 1987
Publication title -
contact dermatitis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.524
H-Index - 96
eISSN - 1600-0536
pISSN - 0105-1873
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-0536.1987.tb01403.x
Subject(s) - nickel allergy , medicine , dermatology , allergy , incidence (geometry) , epidemiology , contact dermatitis , hand dermatitis , nickel , hand eczema , surgery , immunology , metallurgy , physics , optics , materials science
In 2400 consecutive patients at 8 clinics in 5 countries, nickel hypersensitivity was found in 176 cases (7.3%), 19 male (2.1%) and 157 female (10.5%), The incidence ranged from 15 to 38 cases in 300 patients of every department (5.0% Sofia to 12.7% Erfurt). 60.6% of the nickel positives were schoolgirls or younger than 25 years. The exposure time was 3 years, in 49% 1 year or shorter. Most cases (75%) are not occupationally acquired, but due to costume jewellery (31.8%), wrist watches (23.3%), metal clothing buckles (3.4%) including jeans buttons. Job dependent nickel dermatitis is often (36/51 cases) linked with wet work. Atopic dermatitis was found in 8.3% of female nickel allergy. Nickel positivity without a dermatitis history was seen in 9/176 cases (5%). Nickel allergy will become a sex‐indifferent phenomenon in Europe, because of the changing customs of adornment.