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Development of oral hygiene self‐efficacy and outcome expectancy questionnaires
Author(s) -
Stewart James E.,
Strack Stephen,
Graves Peter
Publication year - 1997
Publication title -
community dentistry and oral epidemiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.061
H-Index - 101
eISSN - 1600-0528
pISSN - 0301-5661
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-0528.1997.tb00951.x
Subject(s) - varimax rotation , medicine , oral hygiene , clinical psychology , test (biology) , expectancy theory , multivariate analysis of variance , psychometrics , dentistry , social psychology , cronbach's alpha , psychology , statistics , paleontology , mathematics , biology
In order to measure social cognitive constructs in the oral hygiene domain, questionnaires containing self‐efficacy and outcome expectation items were developed. Items were generated to measure personal beliefs in brushing and flossing ability tinder a variety of circumstances, and expected outcomes from performing oral hygiene behaviors that might be positive, negative, primary and secondary. In the first study, factor scales were developed on the basis of the responses from 90 subjects awaiting dental treatment. Principal components analyses with varimax rotation revealed two self‐efficacy and four outcome expectations dimensions that explained 73% and 51% of the variance, respectively. A second study that utilized 103 government employees was conducted to evaluate the psychometric properties of the questionnaires. All scales demonstrated good internal consistency and test‐retest stability. Correlations with extra test measures provided preliminary evidence for the validity of the instruments.