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Energy intake, dental caries and periodontal disease in 11‐year‐old black children in two regions of Southern Africa: KwaZulu and Namibia
Author(s) -
Mackeown Jennifer M.,
CleatonJones Peter E.,
Hargreaves J. Anthony
Publication year - 1995
Publication title -
community dentistry and oral epidemiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.061
H-Index - 101
eISSN - 1600-0528
pISSN - 0301-5661
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-0528.1995.tb00226.x
Subject(s) - medicine , periodontal disease , dentistry
The study examined energy intake in relation to dental caries and periodontal disease in 11‐yr‐old rural and urban black children in low fluoride areas of KwaZulu and Namibia (0.15 ppm F) and one higher fluoride area of Namibia (1.56 ppm F). Twenty‐four hour dietary recalls were conducted by trained interviewers and daily energy intake estimated using the MRC dietary analysis programme. DMFS was recorded according to WHO criteria; periodontal disease was measured using CPITN and SAS was used for statistical analysis. The prevalence of dental caries and periodontal disease (using CPITN), were compared within three energy groupings; ≤850 kcal/day; > 850, < 1400 kcal/day and ≥1400 kcal/day. The rural low fluoride Namibian children had the lowest mean energy intake (616 kcal/day), which also was the grouping with highest healthy periodontal prevalence (65%). The urban groups had higher energy intakes than the rural communities. Statistically significant effects on caries prevalence were seen for country and fluoride grouping; for periodontal disease, significant effects were noted for country, fluoride group and environment. Energy intake had no statistically significant effect, so this is not a risk marker for the disease.