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Proresolving lipid mediators: potential for prevention and treatment of periodontitis
Author(s) -
Van Dyke Thomas E.
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
journal of clinical periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.456
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1600-051X
pISSN - 0303-6979
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-051x.2010.01662.x
Subject(s) - periodontitis , inflammation , medicine , periodontium , immunology , lipid signaling , porphyromonas gingivalis , bioinformatics , biology , dentistry
Van Dyke TE. Proresolving lipid mediators: potential for prevention and treatment of periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 2011; 38 (Suppl. 11): 119–125. doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐051X.2010.01662.x.Abstract Aim: Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease initiated by microbial biofilm. The host response to the biofilm destroys the periodontium mediated by an overly robust inflammatory response in susceptible individuals. Whether the excessive host response is genetic, epigenetic or mediated by environment is unknown. New pathways of resolution of inflammation have been discovered. Resolution of inflammation is an active, agonist‐mediated, programmed return to tissue homeostasis. Materials and Methods: Various computer‐based search engines were employed to identify papers relevant to resolution of inflammation. Results: Recent data suggest that chronic inflammatory periodontal disease may be a failure of resolution pathways as well as overexpression of proinflammatory pathways. In this review, the biology of resolution of inflammation will be examined in normal tissues and periodontal disease. Anti‐inflammatory pharmacologic agents [non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)] have been shown to prevent and slow the progression of periodontitis in animals and humans. However, the side effect profile of NSAIDS or other inhibitors or receptor antagonists preclude their use in periodontal therapy. Conclusion: The isolation and characterization of proresolving lipid mediators that are receptor agonists has opened a new area of research for potential therapeutic agents for the management of inflammatory periodontitis.