Premium
Review Article: Periodontal disease and pre‐eclampsia: a systematic review
Author(s) -
Kunnen Alina,
Van Doormaal Jasper J.,
Abbas Frank,
Aarnoudse Jan G.,
Van Pampus Maria G.,
Faas Marijke M.
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
journal of clinical periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.456
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1600-051X
pISSN - 0303-6979
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-051x.2010.01636.x
Subject(s) - periodontal disease , eclampsia , medicine , systematic review , disease , dentistry , medline , pregnancy , pathology , biology , genetics , biochemistry
Kunnen A, van Doormaal JJ, Abbas F, Aarnoudse JG, van Pampus MG, Faas MM. Periodontal disease and pre‐eclampsia: a systematic review. J Clin Periodontol 2010; 37: 1075–1087. doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐051X.2010.01636.x Abstract Aim: This review evaluates the possible relationship between periodontal disease and pre‐eclampsia, a major pregnancy complication. A generalized inflammatory response plays an important role in the pathogenesis of pre‐eclampsia. Because periodontal disease is a low‐grade inflammatory state, periodontal disease might contribute to the pathogenesis of pre‐eclampsia. Main Findings and Conclusion: A literature search of PubMed, EMBASE and CINAHL until August 2010 revealed 12 eligible observational studies and three randomized‐controlled trials (RCTs). It appeared difficult to compare these studies, due to variations in definitions of periodontal disease and pre‐eclampsia, timing of periodontal examination and inadequate control for confounding factors. Eight observational studies reported a positive association, while four studies found no association. None of the RTCs reported reductions in pre‐eclamptic rate after periodontal therapy during pregnancy. Therefore, it is questionable whether periodontal disease plays a causal role in the pathogenesis of pre‐eclampsia. The observed association in eight observational studies might be the result of induction of periodontal disease due to the pre‐eclamptic state or it may be an epiphenomenon of an exaggerated inflammatory response to pregnancy. Larger RCTs with pre‐eclampsia as the primary outcome and pathophysiological studies are required to explore causality and to dissect biological mechanisms involved.