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Factors associated with the appearance of gingival papillae
Author(s) -
Chow Yiu Cheung,
Eber Robert M.,
Tsao YiPin,
Shotwell Jeffrey L.,
Wang HomLay
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
journal of clinical periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.456
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1600-051X
pISSN - 0303-6979
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-051x.2010.01594.x
Subject(s) - dentistry , major duodenal papilla , medicine , crown (dentistry) , orthodontics , gingival sulcus , molar , statistical significance , crest , anatomy , physics , quantum mechanics
Chow YC, Eber RM, Tsao Y‐P, Shotwell JL, Wang H‐L. Factors associated with the appearance of gingival papillae. J Clin Periodontol 2010; 37: 719‐727 doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2010.01594.x .Abstract Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate factors associated with the fill of inter‐dental spaces by gingival papillae. Materials and Methods: Ninety‐six adult subjects were evaluated. Papilla score (PS), tooth form/shape, interproximal contact length and gingival thickness were recorded for 672 maxillary anterior and first pre‐molar interproximal sites. Statistical analyses included a non‐parametric χ 2 test, anova , the Mixed Procedure for SAS and Pearson's correlation coefficient ( r ). Results: Papilla deficiency was more frequent in older subjects ( p <0.05), as papilla height decreased 0.012 mm with each year of increasing age ( p <0.05). Competent papillae (complete fill inter‐dentally) were associated with: (1) crown width: length 0.87; (2) proximal contact length 2.8 mm; (3) bone crest‐contact point ≤5 mm; and (4) interproximal gingival tissue thickness 1.5 mm. Gingival thickness correlated negatively with PS ( r =−0.37 to −0.54) and positively with tissue height ( r =0.23–0.43). Tooth form (i.e. crown width to length ratio) correlated negatively with PS ( r =−0.37 to −0.61). Other parameters failed to show any significant effects. Conclusions: Gingival papilla appearance was associated significantly with subject age, tooth form/shape, proximal contact length, crestal bone height and interproximal gingival thickness.