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Local and systemic biomarkers in gingival crevicular fluid increase odds of periodontitis
Author(s) -
Fitzsimmons Tracy R.,
Sanders Anne E.,
Bartold P. Mark,
Slade Gary D.
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
journal of clinical periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.456
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1600-051X
pISSN - 0303-6979
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-051x.2009.01506.x
Subject(s) - periodontitis , odds ratio , medicine , confidence interval , logistic regression , population , c reactive protein , clinical attachment loss , gastroenterology , biomarker , multivariate analysis , inflammation , environmental health , biology , biochemistry
Aim: To determine the independent and combined associations of interleukin‐1 β (IL‐1 β ) and C‐reactive protein (CRP) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) on periodontitis case status in the Australian population. Materials and Methods: GCF was collected from 939 subjects selected from the 2004–2006 Australian National Survey of Adult Oral Health: 430 cases had examiner‐diagnosed periodontitis, and 509 controls did not. IL‐1 β and CRP in GCF were detected by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated in bivariate and stratified analysis and fully adjusted ORs were estimated using multivariate logistic regression. Results: Greater odds of having periodontitis was associated with higher amounts of IL‐1 β (OR=2.4, 95% CI=1.7–3.4 for highest tertile of IL‐1 β relative to lowest tertile) and CRP (OR=1.9, 95% CI=1.5–2.5 for detectable CRP relative to undetectable CRP). In stratified analysis, there was no significant interaction between biomarkers ( p =0.68). In the multivariate analyses that controlled for conventional periodontal risk factors, these relationships remained (IL‐1 β OR=1.8, 95% CI=1.1–2.6; CRP OR=1.7, 95% CI=1.3–2.3). Conclusions: Elevated odds of clinical periodontitis was associated independently with each biomarker. This suggests that people with elevated biomarkers indicative of either local (IL‐1 β ) or systemic (CRP) inflammation are more likely to suffer from periodontal disease.