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Effect of smoking on concentrations of receptor activator of nuclear factor κ B ligand and osteoprotegerin in human gingival crevicular fluid
Author(s) -
Tang Teck H.,
Fitzsimmons Tracy R.,
Bartold P. Mark
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
journal of clinical periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.456
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1600-051X
pISSN - 0303-6979
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-051x.2009.01444.x
Subject(s) - osteoprotegerin , periodontitis , medicine , rankl , receptor , dentistry , activator (genetics) , endocrinology , cigarette smoking , chronic periodontitis
Aim: To compare the levels of the soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor κ B ligand (sRANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG) and their relative ratio in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) among periodontitis patients with varying smoking histories. Material and Methods: GCF samples were collected from 149 periodontitis patients who were never smokers ( n =58), former smokers ( n =39) and current smokers ( n =52). sRANKL and OPG concentrations in GCF were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays. Results: sRANKL, OPG and their relative ratio were not statistically significant among the never smokers, former smokers and current smokers. However, OPG was significantly reduced and subsequently the sRANKL:OPG ratio was significantly increased in the high pack‐years group as compared with never smokers. The positive correlation between pack‐years and the sRANKL:OPG ratio remained statistically significant after adjusting for age and current smoking status. Conclusion: Increased lifetime exposure to cigarette smoking above a minimum threshold suppresses OPG production and leads to increased sRANKL:OPG. This may partially explain increased bone loss in smoking‐related periodontitis.