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Prevalence of tetM, tetQ , nim and bla TEM genes in the oral cavities of Greek subjects: a pilot study
Author(s) -
Ioannidis Ioannis,
Sakellari Dimitra,
Spala Argyro,
Arsenakis Minas,
Konstantinidis Antonis
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
journal of clinical periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.456
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1600-051X
pISSN - 0303-6979
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-051x.2009.01425.x
Subject(s) - gingivitis , bleeding on probing , periodontitis , dentistry , molar , medicine , bonferroni correction , chronic periodontitis , biology , statistics , mathematics
Aim: To investigate the prevalence of tetM, tetQ , nim and bla TEM antimicrobial resistance genes in subgingival and tongue samples of Greek subjects. Materials and Methods: Fifty‐four subjects participated in the present study. Participants each contributed with one pooled subgingival sample from the mesiobuccal surface of the four first molars and one sample from the tongue. Samples were analysed using polymerase chain reaction for tetM, tetQ , nim and bla TEM genes using the primers and conditions described previously. Subjects were stratified according to periodontal status (health, gingivitis or periodontitis). Intake of any antibiotic for medical or dental reasons during the previous 12 months was also recorded (self‐reported). Comparisons within and between groups were performed by applying non‐parametric tests ( z ‐test with Bonferroni corrections). Results: A high prevalence of tetM, tetQ and bla TEM genes was detected in both tongue and subgingival samples (48.1–82.2%). No differences were observed across genes between periodontally healthy, gingivitis or periodontitis cases, and no statistical correlation was observed between the presence of the bla TEM gene and the intake of β ‐lactams during the last 12 months (Fisher's exact test, p >0.05). Conclusions: Findings from the present study suggest a high prevalence of tetM, tetQ and bla TEM , but not nim resistance genes in subgingival and tongue samples from Greek subjects.