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Effects of diabetes mellitus on periodontal and peri‐implant conditions: update on associations and risks
Author(s) -
Salvi Giovanni E.,
CarolloBittel Barbara,
Lang Niklaus P.
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
journal of clinical periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.456
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1600-051X
pISSN - 0303-6979
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-051x.2008.01282.x
Subject(s) - medicine , periodontitis , diabetes mellitus , randomized controlled trial , clinical trial , peri implantitis , dentistry , intensive care medicine , implant , surgery , endocrinology
Objectives: To review the evidence for the association between diabetes and periodontal and peri‐implant conditions and the impact of periodontal therapy in subjects with diabetes. Material and Methods: A search of MEDLINE‐PubMed was performed up to and including December 2007. The search was limited to clinical studies published in English. Publications on animal studies were excluded. The selection criteria included all levels of available evidence. Results: Evidence on the association between diabetes and periodontitis supports the concept of increased severity but not extent of periodontitis in subjects with poorly controlled diabetes. Subjects with controlled diabetes do not show an increase in extent and severity of periodontitis. Periodontitis is associated with poor glycaemic control and diabetes‐related complications. It is inconclusive that periodontal therapy with or without the use of antibiotics results in improvements of glycaemic control and of markers of systemic inflammation. Evidence is lacking to indicate that implant therapy in subjects with diabetes yields long‐term outcomes comparable with those of non‐diabetic subjects. Conclusions: Poorly controlled diabetes may be considered a risk factor for increased severity of periodontitis. The effects of periodontal therapy on glycaemic control and systemic inflammation is not proven beyond doubt and need to be confirmed in large‐scale randomized‐controlled clinical trials.