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Vitamin D receptor polymorphism (−1056 Taq‐I) interacts with smoking for the presence and progression of periodontitis
Author(s) -
Nibali Luigi,
Parkar Mohamed,
D'Aiuto Francesco,
Suvan Jean E.,
Brett Peter M.,
Griffiths Gareth S.,
Rosin Michael,
Schwahn Christian,
Tonetti Maurizio S.
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
journal of clinical periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.456
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1600-051X
pISSN - 0303-6979
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-051x.2008.01233.x
Subject(s) - calcitriol receptor , medicine , periodontitis , odds ratio , gastroenterology , taqi , genotype , confidence interval , vitamin d and neurology , polymorphism (computer science) , genetics , biology , gene
Aim: The aim of this analysis was to investigate the relationship between a vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphism and the diagnosis and progression of periodontitis. Material and Methods: Data were derived from two different studies, including 231 subjects with healthy periodontium, 224 aggressive periodontitis and 79 chronic periodontitis (CP) patients in a case–control investigation. Sixty‐one of these CP patients also took part in an observational study with a 1‐year follow‐up, in which progression of periodontitis was determined at the subject level. All 534 subjects provided a blood sample from which genomic DNA was extracted to study VDR −1056 TaqI polymorphism. Results: The interaction between smoking and VDR polymorphism was associated with the diagnosis of periodontitis in Caucasians [ p =0.001, odds ratio (OR)=1.33, 95% confidence intervals (CI)=1.12–1.57] and all subjects ( p =0.033, OR=1.60, 95% CI=1.04–2.48). In the longitudinal study, subjects were divided into two clusters at 1 year according to the median number of progressing sites (Δcumulative attachment loss >2 mm). Logistic regression analysis revealed that the interaction between VDR Taq‐I polymorphism and smoking showed limited evidence of association with the “severe progression” cluster ( p =0.033, OR=15.24, 95% CI=1.24–187.42). Conclusions: Vitamin D receptor Taq‐I TT polymorphism was moderately associated with both the presence and the progression of periodontitis in smokers, while no association was detected in non‐smoking individuals. VDR genetic factors may interact with smoking in the pathogenesis of periodontitis.