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Prognostic factors in the treatment of generalized aggressive periodontitis: II. Effects of smoking on initial outcome
Author(s) -
Hughes Francis J.,
Syed Mahnaz,
Koshy Bindhu,
Bostanci Nagihan,
McKay Ian J.,
Curtis Michael A.,
Marcenes Wagner,
Croucher Raymond E.
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
journal of clinical periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.456
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1600-051X
pISSN - 0303-6979
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-051x.2006.00965.x
Subject(s) - medicine , periodontitis , smoking cessation , odds ratio , aggressive periodontitis , gingival recession , dentistry , bleeding on probing , significant difference , clinical attachment loss , pathology
Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of smoking on the response to non‐surgical treatment for aggressive periodontitis. Methods: Seventy‐nine patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis were included in the study; 20 were smokers. All patients received a course of non‐surgical periodontal therapy and outcomes assessed 10 weeks post‐operatively. Non‐responding patients were designated if they had 30% or more non‐responding deep sites. Results: At baseline, bleeding scores were lower in smokers. There was no difference in baseline plaque, pocket depth (PD), recession or clinical attachment levels (CALs); when sites were selected by equal levels of CAL, increased recession was seen in smokers. Outcomes were poorer in smokers (mean PD change 1.75±0.56 versus 2.23±0.87 mm). The odds ratio for 30% of sites not responding in smokers was 2.9; for 40% non‐responding it was 5.9. Smoking altered the distribution of site‐specific responses to increase specifically the number of non‐responding sites. There was no significant difference in responses between ex‐smokers and never‐smokers. Conclusions: The results demonstrate that smoking is a major risk factor for poor response to initial treatment and emphasize the importance of smoking cessation in periodontal therapy.