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Correlation between infant birth weight and mother's periodontal status
Author(s) -
Marin Constanza,
SeguraEgea Juan J.,
MartínezSahuquillo Ángel,
Bullón Pedro
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
journal of clinical periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.456
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1600-051X
pISSN - 0303-6979
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-051x.2005.00661.x
Subject(s) - medicine , birth weight , gingivitis , low birth weight , obstetrics , gestation , bleeding on probing , incidence (geometry) , periodontitis , premature birth , pregnancy , pediatrics , dentistry , genetics , physics , optics , biology
Objectives: Recent studies have suggested that periodontal disease is a risk factor for low birth weight (LBW) with other multiple factors. A cross‐sectional study was undertaken to help further evaluate the proposed association between periodontal disease and infant birth weight. Material and Methods: Caucasian pregnant women ( n =152), aged 14–39 years, were enrolled while receiving prenatal care. Dental plaque, probing depth, bleeding on probing and clinical attachment level were recorded and three groups were made: healthy group (HG) ( n =38), gingivitis group (GG) ( n =71) and periodontitis group (PG) ( n =43). At delivery, birth weight was recorded. Results: Infant mean weight at delivery was 3293.9±508.1 g. The total incidence of preterm birth and LBW infants was 5.3% and 4.6%, respectively. The incidence of LBW infants was 3.5% in term gestations and 25% in preterm gestations. Mothers height correlated with infant birth weight ( p =0.03). Significant difference in birth weight existed between mothers with <1.55 m (3229.23±462.57) and those with 1.65 m (3475.55±505.07). In the group of women >25 years old infant mean weight in HG was 3588.33±531.83, being lower in GG (3466.75±334.45) and even lower (3092.60±592.94) in PG ( p =0.0198). Bleeding on probing was significantly greater in women with <2500 g infants (40.2±21.8%) compared with 2500–3499 g (18.6±15.1%) and 3500 g (17.1±16.1%) ( p =0.009). Conclusions: Periodontal disease in normal Caucasian pregnant women, older than 25 years, is statistically associated with a reduction in the infant birth weight. These data provide new evidence on the relationship between periodontal disease and birth weight.