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Gingival ulceration in HIV infection
Author(s) -
Robinson Peter G.,
Sheiham Aubrey,
Challacombe Stephen J.,
Wren Michael W. D.,
Zakrzewska Joanna M.
Publication year - 1998
Publication title -
journal of clinical periodontology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.456
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1600-051X
pISSN - 0303-6979
DOI - 10.1111/j.1600-051x.1998.tb02437.x
Subject(s) - medicine , gingivitis , neutropenia , regimen , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , dermatology , dentistry , immunology , chemotherapy
. All cases of HIV‐associated gingival ulceration seen at a dedicated dental clinic in a 5‐ycar period were reviewed and compared against other patients attending the clinic. 94 (7.1%) of 1308 patients had 146 episodes of gingival ulceration. 89 patients had 140 episodes similar to acute necrotising ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG) and responded well to conventional treatment for ANUG. The cases were compared with 269 controls in logistic regression. Gingival ulceration was associated with oral candidiasis, lower age and lack of AIDS diagnosis possibly due to a protective effect of co‐trimoxazole medication. 5 patients with neutropenia had extensive ulceration without the microflora of ANUG. Histopathology, viral and bacterial culture revealed non‐specific changes. The ulcers did not respond to the treatment regimen for ANUG but responded to treatment of their neutropenia. Gingival ulceration is not common in HIV infection. Most cases resemble severe ANUG. It is more frequent in younger people, those with oral candidiasis and without AIDS. Co‐trimoxazole may be protective. A minority of cases with ulceration and associated neutropenia resembled the non‐specific oral ulceration associated with HIV.